References:
Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 5th edition, pp. 1241-49,
Duncan and Prasse, Clinical Pathology, 4th ed. (Latimer, Mahaffey and Prasse) pp. 331-338
The Merck Veterinary Manual online edition Reference values section
Temperature, Pulse rate and Respiratory rate (TPR)
|
Dog
|
Cat
|
| Temperature* (F)
|
99.5-102.5
|
100-103.1
|
| (C)
|
37.5-39.2
|
37.8-39.5
|
| Pulse rate** Young
|
110-120
|
130-140
|
| Adult
|
80-120
|
100-140
|
| Respiratory rate Young
|
--
|
--
|
| Adult
|
15-34
|
16-40
|
* Temperature: Small breeds tend to have higher normal temperatures than large breeds
** Pulse rates tend to be in higher end of range for young animals
Serum Biochemical Reference Ranges
| Conventional (USA) Units
|
Units
|
Dog
|
Cat
|
| ALT
|
u/L
|
8.2-57
|
8.3-53
|
| Amylase
|
u/L
|
270-1,462
|
371-1,193
|
| Alkaline phosphatase
|
u/L
|
1-114
|
3-65
|
| AST
|
u/L
|
13-15
|
7-38
|
| Creatine kinase
|
u/L
|
36-155
|
21-275
|
| GGT*
|
u/L
|
1.0-9.7
|
1.8-12
|
| LDH*
|
u/L
|
24-219
|
35-225
|
| SDH*
|
u/L
|
3.1-7.6
|
2.4-6.1
|
| Bicarbonate
|
mEq/L
|
18-25
|
16-22
|
| Bilirubin, total
|
mg/dL
|
0.0-0.4
|
0.0-0.2
|
Bilirubin, direct (conjugated)
|
mg/dL
|
0.0-0.4
|
0.0-0.1
|
| Calcium
|
mg/dL
|
9.6-11.6
|
9.3-11.7
|
| Chloride
|
mEq/L
|
109-122
|
117-129
|
| Cholesterol
|
mg/dL
|
116-300
|
95-130
|
| Creatinine
|
mg/dL
|
0.5-1.6
|
0.8-2.0
|
| Glucose
|
mg/dL
|
79-126
|
63-132
|
| Magnesium
|
mg/dL
|
1.7-2.7
|
1.9-2.8
|
| Phosphorus
|
mg/dL
|
2.5-6.2
|
2.9-7.7
|
| Potassium
|
mEq/L
|
3.8-5.6
|
3.5-5.1
|
Protein (total)
Albumin
Globulin
|
g/dL
g/dL
g/dL
|
5.5-7.5
2.6-4.0
2.1-3.7
|
5.7-8.0
2.4-4.3
2.4-4.7
|
| Sodium
|
mEq/L
|
146-156
|
151-161
|
| Urea nitrogen (BUN)
|
mg/dL
|
7.0-26
|
10-30
|
Urinalysis
|
|
|
|
Urine Specific Gravity (USpG)
|
|
1.016-1.060
|
1.020-1.040
|
Urine Vol. (ml/kg body wt/day)
|
|
20-100
|
10-20
|
|
|
Dog
|
Cat
|
|
Hematologic Reference Ranges*(Complete Blood Count (CBC) and Differential)
|
|
Conventional (USA) Units
|
SI Units
|
Dog
(Puppy)
|
Cat
(Kitten)
|
| PCV (hematocrit)
|
%
|
× 102 L/L
|
37-55% (25-34%)
|
24-45% (24-34%)
|
| Hemoglobin (Hgb)
|
g/dL
|
× 10 g/L
|
12-18
|
8-15
|
| Red blood cells
|
× 106/µL
|
× 1012 g/L
|
5.2-8.5
|
5.0-10.5
|
| Reticulocytes
|
%
|
%
|
0-1.5
|
0.2-1.6
|
| Mean corpuscular vol.
|
fL
|
fL
|
60-77
|
39-55
|
| Mean corpusc. Hgb
|
pg
|
pg
|
19.5-24.5
|
13-17
|
| Mean corpusc. Hgb conc.
|
g/dL
|
× 10 g/L
|
32-36
|
30-36
|
| Platelets
|
× 105/µL
|
× 1011/L
|
2-9
|
3-7
|
| White blood cells
|
× 103/µL
|
× 109/L
|
5.4-15.3
|
3.8-19.5
|
| Neutrophils (segmented)
|
% × 103/µL
|
% × 109/L
|
60-70%
3-11.4
|
35-75% 2.5-12.5
|
| Neutrophils (band)
|
% × 103/µL
|
% × 109/L
|
0-3%
0-0.3
|
0-3%
0-0.3
|
| Lymphocytes
|
% × 103/µL
|
% × 109/L
|
12-30%
1-4.8
|
20-55%
1.5-7
|
| Monocytes
|
% × 103/µL
|
% × 109/L
|
3-10% 0.15-1.35
|
1-4%
0-0.85
|
| Eosinophils
|
% × 103/µL
|
% × 109/L
|
2-10% 0.1-0.75
|
2-12%
0-0.75
|
| Basophils
|
% × 103/µL
|
% × 109/L
|
rare
|
rare
|
| Plasma proteins#
|
g/dL
|
× 10 g/L
|
5.8-7.2
|
5.7-7.5
|
| Plasma fibrinogen
|
g/dL
|
× 10 g/L
|
0.15-0.3
|
0.15-0.3
|
|
Note: Reference values vary by lab and by reference cited. In practice, refer to the laboratory normals from the lab you are using for specific reference values applicable to your practice situation.
